Dalilai 10 da suka sa dangantakar UAE da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ta yi tsami

Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen Larabawa masu ƙarfin tattalin arziƙi a yankin Gulf, kuma ita ce ta biyu mafi yawan jama'a a yankin bayan Saudi Arabia. Duk da haka, dangantakarta da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ta fuskanci matsaloli a 'yan shekarun nan sakamakon bambance-bambancen siyasa da manufofin ƙetare da kuma tasirin da take ƙoƙarin samu a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Yawan al'ummar UAE ya haura miliyan 11, amma kusan kashi 90 cikin 100 ba 'yan ƙasar ba ne. Mutane daga ƙasashe sama da 200 ne ke rayuwa da aiki a ƙasar, musamman daga Indiya da Pakistan da Bangladesh.

'Yan asalin ƙasar masu cikakken shaidar ƙasar kuwa sun kai kusan miliyan 1.31 kacal bisa alƙaluman shekarar 2025. Wannan ya sa UAE ta zama ƙasa mai matuƙar dogaro da baƙin ma'aikata wajen tafiyar da tattalin arziƙinta.

Tattalin arziƙin UAE ya kai kusan dala biliyan 504, yayin da na Birtaniya ya kai kusan dala tiriliyan 3.3. Haka kuma, kuɗin shiga ga kowane mutum a UAE ya kai kusan dala 53,000, wanda ya fi na Birtaniya da kaɗan.

Tattalin arziƙin UAE dai ya dogara sosai kan man fetur. Man fetur na bayar da kusan kashi 30 cikin 100 na arziƙin da ake samu a cikin ƙasar wato GDP da kuma kashi 41 cikin 100 na kuɗaɗen shiga na gwamnati.

Ƙasar na samar da miliyoyin gangunan danyen mai a kullum, kuma tana da manyan rijiyoyin mai da aka tabbatar da su.

Sai dai wasu ƙasashen Larabawa na zargin UAE da yawan tsoma baki a harkokin yankin, musamman a rikice-rikicen siyasa da yaƙe-yaƙe a wasu ƙasashe. Hakan ya janyo rashin jituwar siyasa tsakaninta da wasu ƙawayenta na Larabawa. Duk da haka, UAE na ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suka fi tasiri a yankin Gulf ta fuskar tattalin arziƙi, kasuwanci da diflomasiyya.

Ga sauran wasu dalilai da suka sa dangantakar UAE da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa ta yi tsami

Yarjejeniyar Abraham Accord

A shekarar 2020, UAE tare da Bahrain da Morocco da Sudan suka sanya hannu kan abin da ake kira "Yarjejeniyar Abraham Accord" domin daidaita hulɗa da Isra'la. UAE ta bayyana cewa manufar wannan mataki ita ce "hana Isra'ila ƙwace yankin Gaɓar yamma da Kogin Jordan da kuma ceton tsarin ƙasashe biyu tsakanin Falasɗinawa da Isra'ila."

Dangantaka tsakanin UAE da Isra'ila ta ƙara ƙarfi bayan rattaɓa hannu kan yarjejeniyar cinikayya ta bai ɗaya a shekarar 2022. Kasuwancin da ba na man fetur ba tsakanin ƙasashen biyu ya tashi daga dala miliyan 160 a shekarar 2020 zuwa dala biliyan 3.2 a shekarar 2023. Kasuwancin ya haɗa da duwatsu masu daraja da kayan lantarki da motoci.

A lokacin yaƙin Gaza, UAE ta yi Allawadai da harin da Hamas ta kai kan matsugunan Isra'ila da ke kudancin ƙasar a ranar 7 ga Oktoban 2023, inda ta bayyana harin a matsayin "ƙara rura wutar rikici mai haɗari," tare da kira da a tsagaita wuta cikin gaggawa kuma na dindindin. Duk da haka, cinikayya tsakanin UAE da Isra'ila ta ci gaba, inda ta ƙaru da kusan kashi 11 cikin 100 tsakanin 2023 da 2024.

Dangantakar UAE da Iran

Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa ta shiga takunkumin da aka ƙaƙaba wa Qatar tsakanin 2017 zuwa 2021 tare da Saudiyya da Bahrain da Egypt, inda suka zargi Qatar da kusanci da Iran da kuma tallafa wa ta'addanci.

UAE na kuma iƙirarin mallakar wasu tsibirai uku da Iran ke iko da su da suka haɗa da Abu Musa da Greater Tunb da Lesser Tunb, waɗanda ke kusa da mashigar Hormuz mai muhimmanci ga jigilar man fetur a duniya.

Sai dai duk da rikicin siyasa, UAE na da alaƙar kasuwanci mai ƙarfi da Iran fiye da kowace ƙasar Larabawa a yankin Gulf. Kasuwanci tsakanin ƙasashen biyu ya ƙaru sosai daga dala biliyan 11 zuwa biliyan 24 tsakanin 2020 da 2021.

UAE ta rage dangantakar diflomasiyya da Iran bayan harin da aka kai ofishin jakadancin Saudiyya a Tehran a 2016. Amma tun daga 2019, dangantakar tsaro da tattalin arziƙi tsakanin ƙasashen biyu ta sake ƙarfi, musamman bayan Saudiyya ta dawo da hulɗa da Iran a shekarar 2023.

Sojojin haya a Yemen

UAE ta shiga yaƙin Yemen tare da Saudiyya a shekarar 2015 domin yaƙi da mayaƙan Houthis masu samun goyon bayan Iran. Haka kuma, Houthis sun kai hare-haren makamai masu linzami kan UAE a lokuta daban-daban.

A shekarar 2019, Abu Dhabi ta ce ta janye sojojinta daga Yemen, amma ta bayyana cewa za ta ci gaba da aikin yaƙi da ta'addanci ta hanyar rundunoni na musamman.

Binciken BBC ya nuna cewa UAE ta yi amfani da wasu 'Sojojin haya daga Amurka wajen kashe wasu shugabannin siyasa a Yemen tun daga shekarar 2015, musamman shugabannin jam'iyyar Islah.

UAE ta musanta kashe fararen hula, tana mai cewa ayyukanta suna kai hari ne kawai kan Al-Qaeda da IS.

Sai dai binciken BBC ya ce UAE ta ɗauki wasu tsofaffin mayaƙan waɗannan ƙungiyoyi domin aikin tsaro a Yemen.

Kawo ƙarshen wariyar Bashar al-Assad

Ƙungiyar ƙasashen Larabawa wata Arab League ta dakatar da membobin Syria a shekarar 2011 saboda yaƙin cikin gida da gwamnatin Bashar al-Assad ke yi da 'yan adawa. Saudiyya da Qatar sun kasance cikin ƙasashen da suka fi neman a ware Bashar al-Assad daga ƙasashen Larabawa.

Sai dai daga baya, UAE ta fara gyara dangantakarta da Syria. A shekarar 2018 ta sake buɗe ofishin jakadancinta a Damascus.

Daga nan jami'an ƙasashen biyu suka fara tattaunawa da haɗin gwiwa, har zuwa lokacin da ministan harkokin wajen UAE ya gana da Bashar al-Assad a Damascus a 2021.

UAE ta ci gaba da ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen ware Syria, har zuwa lokacin da aka dawo da Syria cikin ƙungiyar Arab League a watan Mayun 2023.

Goyon bayan Khalifa Haftar a Libya

Bayan mutuwar tsohon shugaban Libya, Muammar Gaddafi, a shekarar 2011, ƙasar ta fada cikin rikicin yaƙin basasa tsakanin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban masu ɗauke da makamai.

UAE na daga cikin ƙasashen da suka shiga rikicin ta hanyar goyon bayan wasu ɓangarori, musamman dakarun Khalifa Haftar.

A shekarar 2014, jiragen yaƙin UAE daga sansanonin da ke Egypt sun kai hare-hare kan mayakan Libya Dawn a Benghazi. Waɗannan mayaƙa na samun goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin masu iƙirarin jihadi.

Binciken BBC ya kuma bayyana cewa harin jirage marasa matuƙi na UAE sun kashe ɗalibai 26 a wata makarantar soja a Tripoli a shekarar 2020.

Sai dai UAE ta musanta shiga yaƙi kai tsaye a Libya, tana cewa tana goyon bayan zaman lafiya ƙarƙashin jagorancin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.

Yaƙin basasar Sudan

Kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters ya ruwaito cewa UAE ta kafa wata cibiyar horas da mayaƙa masu alaƙa da dakaru RSF ta Sudan. Rahoton ya ce cibiyar tana kusa da madatsar ruwan Ethiopia ta Grand Renaissance.

Reuters ta ce bincikenta ya nuna alamun cewa UAE na tallafawa dakarun RSF a yaƙin Sudan. Amma Abu Dhabi ta musanta hannu a rikicin.

Gwamnatin Sudan ta kai ƙarar UAE zuwa kotun duniya da ke Hague, tana zarginta da taimakawa wajen kisan kiyashi a yankin Darfur ta yamma.

Sai dai UAE ta bayyana zarge-zargen a matsayin "farfaganda" kawai.

Somaliya da Isra'ila

Somaliya ta ƙulla yarjejeniyar tsaro da kula da tashar jiragen ruwa da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa. Sai dai shugaban ƙasar, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, ya zargi Abu Dhabi da "take ikon mallaka da 'yancin ƙasar" a wata jawabi ta talabijin.

Wannan rikici ya haɗa da batun yankin Somaliland, inda Isra'ila ta zama ƙasa ta farko da ta amince da 'yancinsa a watan Disambar da ya gabata. Gwamnatin Somaliya ta ce hakan ya saɓawa ikon ƙasar da cikakken 'yancinta.

Rahotanni sun kuma nuna cewa wasu Somaliyawa na ganin UAE na da hannu a wannan mataki, yayin da shugabannin Somaliland suka bayyana shirye-shiryensu na shiga yarjejeniyar Abraham Accords tare da Isra'ila da wasu ƙasashen Larabawa kamar UAE da Bahrain da Morocco, da Sudan.

Rikicin da ke ƙara tsananta da Algeria

Rikicin da ke ƙara tsananta tsakanin Algeria da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) ya sake bayyana bayan murabus ɗin tsohon shugaban Algeria, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, wanda aka fi sani da abokin UAE.

Algeria ta soke yarjejeniyar zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da Abu Dhabi bayan shugaban ƙasar, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, ya zargi UAE da tsoma baki cikin harkokin cikin gidan Algeria.

Dangantakar ƙasashen biyu ta kuma yi tsami saboda rawar da UAE ke takawa a wasu batutuwa da Algeria ke ɗauka masu matuƙar muhimmanci.

Daga ciki akwai goyon bayan da Abu Dhabi ke bai wa Khalifa Haftar a kudancin Libya kusa da iyakar Algeria, da kuma ayyuka da hulɗar UAE da ƙasashen yankin Sahel na Afirka.

Daga tattaunawar diflomasiyya ta zaman lafiya zuwa "yaƙi da ta'addanci"

Tun bayan da marigayi Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan ya kafa Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa a shekarar 1971, ƙasar ta shahara da kyakkyawar alaƙa da ƙasashen Larabawa, maƙwabtan Gulf da kuma sauran ƙasashen duniya.

Haka kuma, an kafa Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Gulf a Abu Dhabi a 1981, kuma Sheikh Zayed ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafuwarsa.

Sheikh Zayed ya yi ƙoƙari sosai wajen sulhunta ƙasashen Larabawa da haɗa kansu. A 1980 ya kira taron Arab League kan rikicin Lebanon domin kawo ƙarshen yaƙin basasa.

Lokacin da Iraq ta mamaye Kuwait, yana cikin shugabannin Larabawa na farko da suka nemi sulhu.

Bayan ɓarkewar yaƙin basasa a Yemen a 1994, UAE ta yi ƙoƙarin shiga tsakani tsakanin ɓangarorin da ke rikici.

UAE ta kuma yi amfani da arziƙinta wajen ayyukan jin ƙai da taimakon al'umma a ƙasashen Larabawa, Musulmai da sauran sassan duniya.

A zamanin Sheikh Zayed, an gina asibitoci da makarantu da gidaje da gidajen marayu a ƙasashe kamar Masar da Morocco da Sudan da Guinea da Mauritania da Kosovo.

"Yaƙi da Ta'addanci"

A shekarar 2017, a taron tattalin arziƙi na duniya da aka gudanar a Geneva, ministan harkokin wajen UAE, Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, ya soki shugabannin Turai kan abin da ya kira sassaucinsu ga masu 'iƙirarin jihadi' Ya yi gargadin cewa ƙasashen Turai za su fuskanci ƙaruwar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da 'yan ta'adda a shekaru masu zuwa.

Abdullah bin Zayed ya ce wata rana Turawa za su ga ƙaruwar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi saboda suna ganin sun fi mutanen Gabas ta Tsakiya sanin Musulunci da yankin fiye da su kansu.

A Faransa kuma, shugaban jam'iyyar La France Insoumise ta hagu, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, ya zargi UAE da ɗaukar nauyin wani rahoto kan tasirin Musulmi ga hukumomin gwamnati da zamantakewar Faransa.

Rahoton ya sa majalisar dokokin Faransa ta fara bincike kan lamarin.