'Nopfuma mbaho ninyegeje muri Amerika hako nsubira muri Somalia'

Inyuma y'amezi atari make hatangajwe ko harangiye umusumiranyo w'abakozi bahiga abimukira muri Minnesota, ubwoba buracari bwinshi mu bice bimwe bimwe vy'iyo ntara yo muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ico gikorwa kikibandanya, cavyuye imyiyerekano mu gihugu cose inyuma y'aho hiciwe abanyamerika babiri, casize bamwe mu banyagihugu bashegeshwe – na cane cane mu ba-Somalia ari bo ba mbere benshi baba hanze ya Afrika, usanga muri Minneapolis.

Abdi, umugabo w'imyaka 23 aturuka muri Somalia izina ryiwe ryahinduwe kugira hakingirwe umwidondoro wiwe, ni umwe mu babayeho binyegeje – kubera ubwoba afise ku bajejwe guhiga abimukira n'ubu bakibandanya gukizura igisagara.

''Umusumiranyo waraheze,'' Abdi niko yabwiye BBC. Avuga ko yabwiwe n'abandi ba-Somali benewabo ko abakozi b'iryo shami ryo kwubahiriza amategeko ajanye n'abinjira n'abasohoka (ICE) ko n'ubu bakija gusaka mu mazu y'abantu. ''Sinzi umunsi nzoja mbona baje iwanje''.

Yasiguye ko ari gake amara ahantu hamwe amajoro arenga atanu – asohoka abanje kuraba neza kugira aje ku kazi. Avuga ko bamwe mu bagenzi biwe bafashwe bagapfungwa naho, co kimwe na we, bari bafise impapuro zerekena ko bafise uburenganzira bwo gukingirwa mu kiringo c'imfatakibanza, Temporary Protected Status (TPS).

Izo zemerera abantu bava mu bihugu birimwo intambara, ibiza canke ibindi bintu bidasanzwe kuba no gukora mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko mu gihe runaka.

Intwaro ya Prezida Donald Trump yarondera gufuta TPS ku bimukira b'aba-Somali imbere y'itariki 17 ukwezi kwa gatatu – vyibazwa ko yari kugira ingaruka ku bantu 2.500 – ivuga ko umutekano wateye imbere mu gihugu cabo. Ariko umucamanza wo ku rwego rw'igihugu yarabujije vy'imfatakibanza abategetsi kwirukana abo bantu.

Ingene Trump yagerageje kurangiza TPS ku banya-Somalia, igikorwa co kubishira mu ngiro mu ntango z'uyu mwaka, n'amwe mu majambo atyoza yavuzwe n'umukuru w'igihugu ca Amerika ku baturuka muri Somalia, vyabatumye bumva ko bahigwa.

Igihe vyari vyakaze cane, muri Minnesota hari hagomowe abakozi baharurwa mu bihumbi, imbere y'uko kizigenza wa Trump mu bijanye n'abimukira Tom Homan avuga ko abagabanuye. Hagati mu kwezi kwa kabiri, yavuze ko hazosigarayo bakeya gusa.

Hari abantu bakomaka muri Somalia bashika 260.000 muri Amerika, abarenga umwe kuri babiri muri abo bakaba bavukiye muri ico gihugu, mu gihe abandi benshi kuruta aho bamaze kuronka ubwenegihugu, ku bw'urwego rwa Amerika rujejwe rusansuma. Ivyo bitigiri ni bito cane ugereranije n'abariyo bidaciye mu mategeko, ku bw'abarongozi b'abasomali.

Benshi bashitse mu myaka yakurikiye ukunanirwa kwa reta ya nyuma mu kugenzura igihugu cose ca Somalia mu 1991. Ico gihugu kuva ico gihe cama cahuye n'ibihe vy'uruzuba kandi ntikirasubira kuronka amahoro arama – hanyuma mu myaka 20 iheze kikaba gihanzwe n'abagwana biyitirira idini rya Islam, na cane cane abo muri al-Shabab, umugwi uri ku murongo nk'uwa al-Qaeda.

Abdi yavuye muri Somalia mu 2022 – avuga ko yahunze inyuma y'uko al-Shabab irondeye kumwinjiza mu ngabo zayo.

''Nakoresheje $15.000 (hafi 45.000.000 mu mafaranga y'Uburundi ku rugero rwa banki) kugira nze ngaha. Umuryango wanje watanze vyose,'' niko yambwiye igihe twahura mu kwezi kwa gatatu, avuga buke buke aho namusanze mu murere w'inzu yo mw'igorofa yabamwo.

Yaguze igitabo c'inzira ca Kenya ku binjiza abantu mu kinyegero aca yurira indege ija muri Brezil, ahageze aca atangura urugendo rwiwe rurerure rwo kuja muri Amerika aciye muri Darién Gap, ikirere c'ishamba rya manyene hagati ya Colombia na Panama, ibonwa nk'imwe mu nzira mbi cane y'abagenda kurondera ubuhungiro.

Yavuze ko ''Hari aho nashitse nca ku kiziga c'umuntu''.

Amaze gishika ku rubibe rwa Amerika na Mexique, yaciye ajabuka muri Amerika aca asaba ubuhungiro. Abihanuwe n'abazi amategeko, yaciye anasaba TPS, imuha uburenganzira bwo kuba no gukora gushika mu 2029.

Abapfunzwe mw'isakwa rya ICE barimwo abafise ubwenegihugu bwa Amerika na Somalia n'ubwo ababo bagize ubwoba bwo kumvugisha. Iyindi miryango yatanye kubera kwirukana bamwe mu bayigize barunguikwa muri Somalia nayo nyene yaragize ubwoba bwo gufatwa amajwi – rimwe na rimwe kubera guhahamuka.

Uwirukanywe aba afise ikiringo c'imyaka cumi co kudasubira kuja muri Amerika, rimwe na rimwe inarenga, n'aho yoba bafise abana muri ico gihugu.

Ubushikiranganji bwa Amerika bujejwe umutekano hagati mu gihugu buvuga ko igikorwa cabwo ciswe Operation Metro Surge muri Minnesota cabaye intsinzi ku mutekano w'abanyagihugu.

''Twafashe abantu barenga 11.000 b'inkozi z'ikibi bariko barica Abanyamerika, bahutaza abana, bakwiza iterabwoba muri Minneapolis kubera abanyaporitike babakingira ikibaba banka gukingira abantu babo ahubwo bagahitamwo gukingira inkozi z'ikibi,'' niko bwabwiye BBC mw'itangazo.

Umurongo ukaze ku bimukira wabaye kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru vyaranze ukwiyamamaza kwa Trump mu matora kandi n'ubu uracari mu bikomeye cane mu bifise amanota mu bigereranyo vy'amajwi, n'ubwo abawanka ari benshi kurusha abawemera hisunzwe ibiharuro vya vuba vya Ipsos.

Mu mutwe wa Abdi, ni ikibazo c'ugupfa n'ugukira. ''Nopfuma mbaho ninyegeje ngaha iminsi yose nsigaje kubaho hako nsubira muri Somalia, kuko ubuzima bwanje bwoba bugiye mu kaga.''

Ku bw'umukuru w'igisagara ca Minneapolis, Jacob Frey, ubwo bwoba bwerekana ukuvuguruzanya kuri hagati muri politike ya Amerika.

Yabwiye BBC ati: ''Reta y'igihugu ivuga ko ata kamaro ka TPS muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu gihe muri uwo mwanya nyene igabisha abantu ko batofata ingendo zo kuja muri Somala kuko ari ahantu habangamye.

"Dufate iki?"

Uriko uratembera mu bice bimwe bimwe vya Minneapolis, ahaba abantu benshi baje ari abimukira canke abasaba ubuhungiro, ingaruka z'isaka ziracaboneka – n'ubwo ubuzima bwa minsi yose buke buke buriko burasubira kuba ubusanzwe, n'amashure akaba yarasubiye kwugururwa.

Amamangazini n'amazu y'uburiro amwe amwe aracugaye, imyango yayo iriko amagufuri mu gihe ku bisanzwe kiba ari ic'akazi kenshi.

Mu kibanza co guhagarikamwo imodoka imbere y'inzu y'Abashinwa igurisha ivyo kurya ugenda utwaye, twahuye n'umushoferi w'imodoka ikwega izapfuye canke izagize isanganya.

''Numvise ko nyene iyi nzu y'uburiro n'abakozi bafashwe bagapfungwa na ICE, nico gituma yugaye,'' niko yavuze, yongerako ko zimwe mu modoka zari zimaze iminsi zihagaze ngaho kuko bene zo bari bafise ubwoba bwo kugaruka [kuzitora].

''Turiko turaca mu bihe bibi cane,'' niko umugore wo mu nama nkenguzamateka muri Minnesota Ilhan Omar yabwiye ubu vuba ikoraniro kaminuza ry'umugambwe w'aba Demokrate muri Minneapolis.

Mu nyuma, uwo munyamerika w'umusomali wa mbere yinjiye muri Congres ya Amerika yabwiye BBC ingene aya mezi ya vuba yagoranye cane – no ku bana biwe.

''Haracari ubwo bwoba ko ushobora guhagarikwa, ko abavyeyi bawe bashobora guhagarikwa. N'ibibanza vyo kwivurizamwo vyaragizweko ingaruka.''

Uwo mugore asanzwe ari umwe mu banegura cane Trump, amaze kuvugwa cane mu majambo ashikirizwa na Trump ku bimukira b'abasomali, yaraneguye intera n'amayeri yakoreshejwe na ICE.

''Ubudasa hagati y'ivyo twabonye ku zindi ntwaro z'imbere y'iyi harimwo n'iya [Barack] Obama iri mu za mbere zirukanye benshi, ni uko ico gikorwa cari cakozwe ata gutera akajagari n'ubwoba.

''Ingene igikorwa Operation Metro Surge cakozwe kwari ugushira abagabo mu mabarabara yacu bambaye ibibahisha mu maso, aho utashobora kumenya abo ari bo, mu bitigiri binini cane n'ibigwanisho nk'ivya gisirikare, biruka ku bantu. Ivyo twabonye ngaha vyasa n'urubuga rw'intambara.''

Ubushikiranganji bw'umutekano wo hagati mu gihugu bwemeza ko abari muri Amerika ataco bakwiye gutinya kuko abakozi ba ICE bihisha mu maso kugira ''bikingire 'doxxing' y'abashigikiye iterabwoba''.

Doxxing ni igihe umwidondoro w'umuntu ushirwa ku mbuga hwaniro hagamijwe gukora ikibi hanyuma, ku bwa DHS, bigatuma abakozi ba ICE baterwa.

Icuka cararushirije kuba kibi kandi kubera amajambo Trump yavuze ko Abasomali ari ''iyarara''.

''Sindabashaka mu gihugu cacu, aho ndababwije ukuri... hari imvo y'igituma igihugu cabo atari ciza,'' niko yabwiye abamenyeshamakuru.

Umukuru wa Amerika yagumye agaruka ku kamaramaza bivugwa ko karimwo Abasomali muri Minnesota, ariko harimwo n'abandi.

Abantu baharurwa mu mirongo baragiriwe n'ivyaha mu co abashikirizamanza ku rwego rw'igihugu bavuga ko ishirahamwe ry'abagirineza ryakoresheje amanyanga rikarihisha reta ya Minnesota ivyo kurya vyagaburiwe abana mu gihe c'ikiza ca Covid-19.

Umukuru w'intara Tim Walz yatangaje ko ahevye ivyo gusubira kwitoza inyuma yo kunegurwa ku buryo yitwaye muri ico kibazo.

Amatohoza muri ubwo busuma buvugwa yarangiye mu ndwi iheze hasatswe ibigo birenga cumi vyitaho abana ku murango.

Ariko Omar avuga ko kwubahiriza amategeko y'abinjira n'abasohoka bidakwiye gufatanywa n'imanza z'ivyaha ataho bihuriye.

''Benshi mu bantu bavugwa muri ubwo busuma ni abenegihugu b'Abanyamerika,'' niko yongeyeko.

Jim Abeler, umukenguzamateka w'umu-Republicain muri Minnesota, nawe aranegura amayeri ya ICE – ariko we yumva vyerekana ibitagenda neza bishika kure bikeneye gukosorwa.

''Sinibaza ko iki ari ikibazo c'umugambwe. Poritike yacu y'abimukira n'abasaba ubuhungiro iri mu kajagari – imaze imyaka cumi yarananiye imigambwe yompi,'' niko yabwiye BBC.

Amajambo Trump yavuze ku basomali yaratosekaje ugushigikirwa kw'aba-Republicain mu basomali bo muri Minnesota, aho, imbere y'ikiringo ciwe ca kabiri, yari asanganywe abamushigikiye muri abo bantu bagendera ku mico ya kera.

''Natoye Trump, kandi ndicuza [kuba narabikoze],'' niko Foos Abe wo muri Minnesota yambariye. ''Iyo ntamutora, ntiyari kuba yatwise 'iyarara','' niko uwo mugore yavuze.

Kimwe mu vyo igikorwa Operation Metro Surge cakoze kwabaye ugushira hamwe abantu mu nzira zitari zitezwe.

Aho harimwo umu Imam w'umusomali akaba n'umunyamerika Sharif Muhammad na Jane Buckley Farley, umupasitori wo mw'ishengero rya Evangelical Lutheran Church muri Amerika.

Nabasanze ku musigiti muri Minneapolis, aho uwo mu imam yavuze ingene ico kibazo cakomeje imigenderanire hagati y'imigwi y'ukwemera. ''Isakwa rya ICE ryatumye haba ukwegerana n'umuvukano kurusha uko vyahora.''

Uwo mupositori nawe yaravyemeye: ''Igihe umusumiranyo waba, abantu baragiye hamwe, babaza aho bikenewe gufasha n'ingene twofasha.''

Bari hamwe baciye bashiraho uburyo bwo kuburira ababa mu gisagara iyo abakozi bajejwe abinjira n'abashoka bari mu micungararo.

Abanyamerika babiri, Renee Good na Alex Pretti, bari abitanga mu migwi ibiri isa y'abakorera ubuntu, barishwe n'abakozi bajejwe abinjira n'abasohoka ku rwego rw'igihugu mu musumiryanyo wo mu kwezi kwa mbere.

Imbere y'umusigiti twahahuriye na Lisa n'umugabo wiwe, abazungu bari mu kirihuko c'izabukuru bompi bitanga nk'indorerezi.

Abanje kunsaba kudashira ahabona amazina yiwe yose, Lisa yansiguriye ingene ababa muri ico gisagara bama bameze magabo kandi bagakoresha amafirimbi kugira baburire abandi ko abakozi bajejwe abinjira n'abasohoka bari mu micungararo.

Kuri Abdi, ico gikorwa c'abitanga kirahumuriza buke buke – n'ubwo yemera ko yamaze kwihebura.

''Twari twizeye ko turonse kazoza muri Amerika. None indoto zacu ubu zaguye mu mazi,'' niko yavuze.

Brian Khisa, Tom Santorelli na Lucy Fleming baraterereye muri iyi nkuru.