What is a subordinating conjunction?

Subordinating conjunctions are words that help show relationships between ideas.
They join a main clause and a subordinate clause.
Words like 'because', 'although', 'if' and 'until' are common examples of subordinating conjunctions.
Selkies are known as shapeshifters because they can change their appearance.

What are subordinating conjunctions?
Learn about subordinating conjunctions with this Selkie adventure. Then, test your knowledge with the following quiz!
How to use subordinating conjunctions
A subordinating conjunction joins a main clause (or idea) and a subordinate clause (or idea) that relates to it.

Subordinating conjunctions can appear at the beginning of a sentence.
While they were in human form, the Selkie could attend the party.
Or they can appear in the middle of a sentence.
The Selkie could attend the party while they were in human form.
Where you place them depends on how you want the sentence to sound.
Example 1
Why is the sentence below not complete?
Because I’m in my seal skin.
✓ 'Because I’m in my seal skin' is only a subordinate clause - it doesn’t make sense on its own.
You need to add it to a main clause to complete the idea.
Because I’m in my seal skin, I can’t come to the party.

Example 2
Which sentence uses the subordinating conjunction ‘because’ correctly?
a) Because I forgot my lunch.
b) I feel hungry because I forgot my lunch.
c) I because feel hungry I forgot my lunch.
✓ b) I feel hungry because I forgot my lunch.
Only b) is a complete, correctly structured sentence.
The others are incomplete or jumbled.

Task

Selkie story time!
Write a story about a Selkie using conjunctions.
Here are a few starters to help you:
Selkies look like seals in water because…
Whilst in human form, Selkies can…
It’s easier for a Selkie to dance in human form since…

Play our fun English game Crystal Explorers! gamePlay our fun English game Crystal Explorers!
Use grammar, punctuation and spelling skills to explore jungles, caves and tombs on your mission.

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